公共生活与"新农村"建设——城市化进程中的"新农村"住区规划设计初探

随着城市化进程的加剧,农村原有集体化关系的解体,公共生活作为联系每个居民的纽带,是重塑农村昔日和谐的重要手段。文章通过对农村居民的生活的分解研究,以武汉市流芳新市镇中心区的示范安置区为例,探讨了城市中“新农村”住区的规划设计方法。     

家用空气源热泵热水器的设计

介绍了家用空气源热泵热水器的工作流程,研究了目前国内市场上3种家用空气源热泵热水器——户内整体机、户内分体机、户外分体机的结构。分析了空气源热泵热水器的设计要点。     

A／O—MBR处理低浓度生活污水的试验研究

针对传统活性污泥法处理低浓度生活污水难度大的问题，采用缺氧-好氧膜生物反应器（A／O—MBR）处理该类污水，并考察了其处理效果。结果表明，在污泥浓度为4000～6000mg／L、HRT为19．2h、好氧段溶解氧浓度为1．5～2．5mg／L、污泥回流比为200％～300％的条件下，A／O—MBR对COD和氨氮的去除效果良好，平均去除率分别为92．2％和95．9％。在无排泥的情况下，系统连续运行近100d，出水水质稳定。     

The Impact of Plastic Materials on Iron Levels in Village Groundwater Supplied in Malawi

I ron is not normally considered to be a constituent of health significance, and recommended limits for iron in drinking water supplies are based on aesthetic considerations. Experience in Malawi has demonstrated that, even when present in only trace amounts, iron can influence the consumer's acceptance of an improved borehole supply. The effect of the use of plastic construction materials on the iron content of village groundwater supplies was investigated using a statistical approach. The majority of groundwater points using only plastic materials was found to supply water containing less than the WHO guideline value of 0.3 mg/l iron. In contrast, the use of ferrous-materials increased the iron content of the water to unacceptable levels, sometimes causing the consumers to reject the borehole as a source of drinking water.
Bacteriological data show that the quality of the alternative, traditional supply is far inferior to the new improved supply. An otherwise perfectly safe supply may therefore be abandoned as a direct result of contamination introduced by 'down the hole' components. This frustrates efforts to improve the well-being of rural communities, and is a waste of precious development resources.     

Impact in Scotland of UK and EC Sewage Legislation

The EC Directive (91/271/EEC) concerning urban waste water treatment has far-reaching financial and technological implications for local authorities in Scotland which are responsible for sewerage. Increased capital consent limits and additional financial assistance from central government are essential if the requirements of the legislation are to be met.
Although the Directive is welcomed in general terms, the sections of the legislation dealing with the identification of sensitive waters and the provision of primary treatment for coastal discharges to less sensitive waters are of limited environmental significance in Scotland.
The elimination of sewage sludge disposal at sea will create severe difficulties for Scottish authorities as a high percentage of sewage sludge is currently disposed of at sea. Each of the main alternative disposal options presents environmental, financial and technical problems and, in the case of incineration, the certainty of widespread unpopularity with the public.     

Fuzzy综合评价在选择最优设计方案中的应用

应用Fuzzy数学方法建立住宅建筑设计方案的综合评价系统，运用层次分析法（AHP）确定指标权重，建立Fuzzy综合评价的多级模型，并在二级综合评判时引入一种新的评价方法，从而使Fuzzy综合评价更具客观性。     

引水冲污工程流量的分析与确定

通过对福州市近年来实施的引水冲污工程中有关引水流量的问题进行了分析,并提出了确定引水流量的方法。     

全面发展视角下的乡村规划

乡村发展是城乡社会系统演化和作用的结果。乡村规划作为促进乡村发展的重要手段,不仅应为乡村发展提供可持续、综合性的技术支撑,也应有利于推进乡村治理,促进乡村的全面发展。本文从村民的生计、村庄的生境、村社的发展三个层次释义乡村全面发展的内涵;通过从村民的视角解决微观的事情、从村庄的视角促进"三生"空间融合、从村社的视角提升乡村社会资本三个方面构建了乡村规划工作目标;并以中部贫困山区典型村庄为案例演绎了乡村全面发展的一般过程。     

农村住宅结构特点及质量问题浅析

结合对中小城市一些农村住宅的调查研究，介绍了农村住宅的建设特点及结构特点，分析了农村住宅质量存在的问题及原因，介绍了一系列提高农村住宅建设质量的措施，以促进农村住宅建设的飞速发展。